Fraud Star Model dan Peran Rapat Komite Audit dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan

Andre Bayu Pratama; I Putu Gede  Diatmika; Umi  Nandiroh

doi:10.33395/owner.v10i4.3531

Authors

Andre Bayu Pratama
✉ Corresponding author: andrebayup50@gmail.com Univeristas Pendidikan Ganesha
I Putu Gede Diatmika Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
Umi Nandiroh Universitas Islam Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v10i4.3531

Keywords:

financial statement fraud, opportunity, pressure, rationalization, capability, lack of integrity, audit committee meetings, fraud star

Abstract

This study aims to detect financial statement fraud using the fraud star model comprising opportunity, pressure, rationalization, capability, and lack of integrity with audit committee meeting as a moderating variable. The population consists of all mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during period 2020-2024. Purposive sampling was applied, yielding a final sample of 48 companies with 240 observations over five years. The research employs a quantitative method with associative approach. Data were sourced from company annual reports, and hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the aid of STATA 17. The results reveal that opportunity and capability has a significant negative effect on financial statement fraud. Pressure has a significant positive effect on financial statement fraud. Rationalization, and lack of integrity did not significant effect on financial statement fraud. Regarding moderation, audit committee meetings significant moderate the relationship between opportunity and pressure on financial statement fraud, but do not moderate the effect of rationalization, capability, and lack of integrity. This study concludes that fraud is most likely to occur when investor driven pressure leads management to exploit available opportunities, and that active audit committee oversight serves as an effective governance mechanism in curbing such behavior. These findings provide practical implications for regulators, investors, and governance practitioners in strengthening fraud prevention mechanisms in the mining sector.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ACFE. (2024). Association of Certified Fraud Examiners The Nations Occupational Fraud 2024?:A Report To The Nations. In Association of Certified Fraud Examiners.

Akbar, D. A., Africano, F., & Isrodinata, R. (2021). Can Fraud Diamond Affect Fraud Financial Statement in Shariah Commercial Banks? Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 11(1), 40–57. https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v11i1.16256

Anggraeni, N. K. M., & Yuniarta, G. A. (2023). Pengaruh Fraud Hexagon Theory Terhadap Kecurangan Dalam Pengelolaan Dana Pada Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD). JIMAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi) Undiksha, 14(03), 788–799. https://doi.org/10.23887/jimat.v14i03.64363

Ardiyani, S., & Utaminingsih, N. S. (2015). Analisis Determinan Financial Statement Melalui Pendekatan Fraud Triangle. Accounting Analysis Journal, 4(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.15294/aaj.v4i1.7761

Artana, I. K. P., Diatmika, I. P. G., & Atmadja, A. T. (2023). The Influence of Auditor Opinion , Company Size , External Pressure on Fraud Financial Reporting with Industrial Conditions as Intervening Variables. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 7(1), 208–215. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijssb.v7i1.57651

Astrawan, M. I., & Achmad, T. (2023). Pengaruh Efektivitas Auditor Spesialisasi industri, Fee Audit, dan komite Audit Terhadap Kecurangan Pelaporan Keuangan (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2019-2021). Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 12(2), 1–14. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting

Burlacu, G., Robu, I. B., Anghel, I., Rogoz, M. E., & Munteanu, I. (2025). The Use of the Fraud Pentagon Model in Assessing the Risk of Fraudulent Financial Reporting. Risks, 13(6), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/risks13060102

Cahyani, A. S., & Arifin, J. (2025). Model konseptual pengaruh tata kelola perusahaan dan koneksi politik terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan. 7(2024), 172–184.

Deliana, D., Rahman, A., & Oktalia, R. R. (2022). Fraud Detection of Financial Statements with Diamond Fraud Analysis. Jurnal Aset (Akuntansi Riset), 14(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.17509/jaset.v14i1.43650

Ghaisani, H. M., Triyono, & Bawono, A. D. B. (2022). Analysis of Financial Statement Fraud: The Vousinas Fraud Hexagon Model Approach and the Audit Committe as Moderating Variable. The International Journal of Business Management and Technology, 6(6), 2581–3889. www.theijbmt.com

Givoly, D., & Hayn, C. (2002). Rising Conservatism: Implications for Financial Analysis.

Haekal, I., Taqi, M., & Susanto, D. (2024). The Effect of Audit Committee Characteristics , Audit Opinion , and Company Size on Financial Reporting Fraud. Finanace and Sustainability, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.58968/fs.v2i1.526

Handoko, B. L., & Olivia, J. (2022). The Effect of Corporate Governance Mechanism on Fraudulent Financial Reporting in the Food and Beverages Subsector of Manufacturing Companies Listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. International Conference on E-Business, Management and Economics, 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1145/3556089.3556108

Hardirmaningrum, A., & Rohman, A. (2023). Determinasi Teori Fraud Hexagon dan Karakteristik Komite Audit dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Jurnal Akademi Akuntansi, 6(4), 490–509. https://doi.org/10.22219/jaa.v6i4.28180

Jao, R., Mardiana, A., Holly, A., & Chandra, E. (2020). Pengaruh Financial Target dan Financial Stability terhadap Financial Statement Fraud. Journal of Management, 4(1), 27–42. https://doi.org/10.37531/yum.v11.76

Jaunanda, M., Tian, C., Edita, K., & Vivien. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Fraud Pentagon terhadap Fraudulent Financial Reporting Menggunakan Beneish Model. Jurnal Penelitian Akuntansi, 1(1), 80–98. https://doi.org/10.47134/innovative.v1i4.50

Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of The Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Stucture. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137341280.0038

Juanda, A., Setyawan, S., Inata, L. C., & Malang, M. (2024). Fraud Diamond Model to Detecting Financial Reporting Fraud: Effectiviness Social Media Transparency as a Moderating. Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 14(04), 956–973. https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v14i4.33984

Kamila, F. T., & Parinduri, A. Z. (2023). Pengaruh Fraud Hexagon Terhadap Fraudulent Financial Reporting Dengan Komite Audit Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 3(1), 1407–1416. https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v3i1.16090

Khamainy, A. H., Ali, M., & Setiawan, M. A. (2022). Detecting Financial Statement Fraud Through New Fraud Diamond Model: The Case of Indonesia. Journal of Financial Crime, 29(3), 925–941. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-06-2021-0118

Kusumosari, L., & Rahardjo, S. N. (2023). Audit Committee Efectiveness as Fraud Prevention Mechanisms. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Airlangga, 8(2), 1602–1623. https://doi.org/10.20473/jraba.v8i2.51157

Larum, K., Zuhroh, D., & Subiyantoro, E. (2021). Fraudlent Financial Reporting: Menguji Potensi Kecurangan Pelaporan Keuangan dengan Menggunakan Teori Fraud Hexagon. Accounting and Financial Review, 4(1), 82–94. https://doi.org/10.26905/afr.v4i1.5818

Mahardika, E., Suryandari, D., Raharja, S., & Sari, M. P. (2022). The Audit Committee as Moderating the Effect of Hexagon’s Fraud on Fraudulent Financial Statements in Mining Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Cogent Business and Management, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2150118

Maulia, R., & Handojo, I. (2022). Pengaruh Konservatisme Akuntansi, Struktur Modal Dan Investment Opportunity Set Terhadap Kualitas Laba. Jurnal Nusa Akuntansi, 1(3), 193–204. https://doi.org/10.62237/jna.v1i3.139

Mclaughlin, C., Armstrong, S., Moustafa, M. W., & Elamer, A. A. (2021). Audit Committee Diversity and Corporate Scandals: Eviden from the UK. International Journal of Accounting and Information Management, 29(5), 1–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-01-2021- 0024

Ngo, D. N. P., & Le, A. T. H. (2021). Relationship Between the Audit Committee and Earning Management in Listed Companies in Vietnam *. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(2), 135–142. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no2.0135

Normasari, E., & Mayangsari, S. (2022). Influence of Fraud Star and Digital Banking on FFR in Banking Sector and the Moderating Role of Foreign Ownership. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Airlangga, 7(2), 1319–1342. https://doi.org/10.20473/jraba.v7i2.38398

Nugroho, D., & Diyanty, V. (2022). Hexagon Fraud in Fraudulent Financial Statements: the Moderating Role of Audit Committee. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 19(1), 46–67. https://doi.org/10.21002/jaki.2022.03

Omukaga, K. O. (2021). Is the Fraud Diamond Perspective Valid in Kenya?? Journal of Financial Crime, 28(3), 810–840. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-11-2019-0141

Permatasari, D., & Laila, U. (2021). Deteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan Dengan Analisis Fraud Diamond Di Perusahaan Manufaktur. Akuntabilitas, 15(2), 241–262. https://doi.org/10.29259/ja.v15i2.13025

Rizkia, P., Umar, H., & Azis, D. M. (2023). Pengaruh Fraud Star Terhadap Fraudulent Financial Statement Dengan Komite Audit Sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manfaktur Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode Tahun 2016-2020). Jurnal Riset Perbankan, Manajemen, Dan Akuntansi, 7(1), 10–22. https://doi.org/10.56174/jrpma.v7i1.106

Sayidah, N., Assagaf, A., Hartati, S. J., & Muhajir. (2019). Akutansi Forensik dan Audit Investigatif. Zifatama Jawara.

Sembiring, S. (2015). Peran Kerangka Konseptual Akuntansi Dalam Pelaporan Keuangan Perusahaan. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 15(1), 58–69. https://doi.org/10.17605/eko.v15i1.99

Setyono, D., Hariyanto, E., Wahyuni, S., & Pratama, B. C. (2023). Penggunaan Fraud Hexagon dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. Owner: Riset & Jurnal Akuntansi, 7(April), 1036–1048. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v7i2.1325 Penggunaan

Shanikat, M., & Aldabbas, M. M. (2025). Perception of Corporate Governance Factors in Mitigating Financial Statement Fraud in Emerging Markets?: Jordan Experience. Risk and Financial Management, 18(8), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18080430

Siahaan, M., Umar, H., & Purba, R. B. (2019). Fraud Star Drives to Asset Misappropriation Moderated by Internal Controls. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 54(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.54.4.24

Sihombing, T., & Panggulu, G. E. (2022). Fraud Hexagon Theory and Fraudulent Financial Statement in IT Industry in Asean. Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 12(3), 524–544. https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v12i3.23334

Siregar, A. T., & Amirya, M. (2024). Pengaruh Gender Diversity Dan Efektivitas Komite Audit Dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan. JIMAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi) Undiksha, 15(01), 70–83. https://doi.org/10.23887/jimat.v15i01.75372

Situmorang, J. L., & Agoes, S. (2025). Pengaruh Fraud Star Terhadap Financial Statement Fraud Dengan Kualitas Audit Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Kontemporer Akuntansi, 5(1), 220–248. https://doi.org/10.52644/joeb.v12i5.664

Skousen, C. J., Smith, K. R., & Wright, C. J. (2008). Detecting and Predicting Financial Statement Fraud: The Effectiveness of The Fraud Traingle and SAS No.99. Social Science Research Network Journal, 13, 1–40. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1295494

Sobhan, R., Khatun, A., & Ikra, I. J. (2025). Audit committee Characteristics and Quality of Audit?: an Interconnection from the Perspective of an Emerging Economy. Asian Journal of Accounting Research, 7(1), 11–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJAR-01-2024-0016

Tamaela, F. A. F., & Zamzam, I. (2025). Fraud Pentagon Theory dan Deteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan?: Pendekatan Beneish M-Score pada Sektor Perdagangan. Owner: Riset & Jurnal Akuntansi, 9(April), 1548–1564. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v9i2.2711

Tiffani, L., & Marfuah. (2015). Deteksi Financial Statement Fraud dengan Analisis Fraud Triangle Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Auditing Indonesia, 19(2), 112–125. https://doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol19.iss2.art3 Abstrak

Umar, H., Partahi, D., & Purba, R. B. (2020). Fraud Diamond Analysis In Detecting Fraudulent Financial Report. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 9(3), 6638–6646.

Umar, H., Pubar, R., Siahaan, M., Safaria, S., Mudiar, W., & Markonah, M. (2024). Corruption Prevention in Organizational Clustering in Indonesia: Through The Role of The HU-model in Detecting Corruption. Journal of Money Laundering Control, 27(7), 60–75. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMLC-10-2023-0163

Umar, H., Safaria, S., Mudiar, W., & Purba, R. B. (2022). Hu-Model For Detecting Corruption (1st ed.). Merdeka Kreasi Group.

Wibawa, S., Sasongko, A., & Umar, H. (2022). The Impact of Faud Star on Detecting Fraudulent Financial Statement. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 5(1), 6110–6121. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v5i1.4333

Wolfe, D. T., & Hermanson, D. R. (2004). The Fraud Diamond: Considering the Four Elements of Fraud. The CPA Journal, 74(12), 38–42.