Pengaruh Green Banking terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan dengan Ukuran Bank sebagai Variabel Moderasi

Halimah; Muhammad Fahmi; Rudy Kurniawan

doi:10.33395/owner.v10i4.3603

Authors

Halimah
✉ Corresponding author: b1031231011@student.untan.ac.id Universitas Tanjungpura
Muhammad Fahmi
Rudy Kurniawan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v10i4.3603

Keywords:

Green Banking, Profitability, Bank Size, Return on Assets, Conventional Banking

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of green banking through four dimensions, namely banks' policy related practice, daily operation related practice, customer related practice, and employee related practice, on profitability proxied by Return on Assets (ROA), and to examine the moderating role of bank size. Inconsistency in prior research findings and the limitation of single-index measurement approaches serve as the primary motivation for this study. The population consists of all conventional commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2021–2024. The sample was determined using purposive sampling based on the completeness of financial reports and data availability, resulting in 24 banks with 96 total observations as balanced panel data. Data were analyzed using panel data regression with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM), selected based on the Chow and Hausman tests. The results indicate that only the employee related practice dimension has a significant positive effect on ROA, while banks' policy related practice, daily operation related practice, and customer related practice show no significant effect. Furthermore, bank size is not proven to moderate the relationship between any of the four green banking dimensions and profitability. This study concludes that the effectiveness of green banking on bank financial performance depends on the specific dimension implemented rather than institutional scale.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alifatussyahdiah, I., Indriyani, R., & Sari, F. (2025). Analisis Implementasi Green Banking pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia menggunakan Enviromental Risk Index ( ERI ) Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan. 17(3), 1138–1150. https://doi.org/10.24905/permana.v17i3.1091

Anggraini, D., Aryani, D., & Prasetyo, I. B. (2020). Analisis Implementasi Green Banking Dan Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Di Indonesia (2016-2019). JBMI (Jurnal Bisnis, Manajemen, Dan Informatika), 17(2), 141–161. https://doi.org/10.26487/jbmi.v17i2.11264

Asfahaliza, A. N. P., & Anggraeni, P. W. (2022). Pengaruh Penerapan Green Banking Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan di Indonesia Periode 2016-2021. Contemporary Studies in Economic, Finance, and Banking, 1(2), 298–311. https://doi.org/10.21776/csefb.2022.01.2.10

Athalia, E. N. O., Titisari, K. H., & Dewi, R. R. (2026). Pengaruh Green banking , Likuiditas , Risiko Kredit dan Efisiensi Biaya Operasional Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan Tahun 2020 – 2024. https://doi.org/10.24905/permana.v17i3.1316

Boafo, J. A., Mclean, E. O., Danzerl, N. O. P., & Amoafo-Danquah, K. (2025). Sustainable banking and ESG integration: A systematic review of green finance practices in global banking systems. Interdisciplinary Journal of Management Sciences, 2(1), a07. https://doi.org/10.38140/ijms-2025.vol2.1.07

Bose, S., Khan, H. Z., & Monem, R. M. (2020). Does Green Banking Performance Pay Off? Evidence from a Unique Regulatory Setting in Bangladesh. Corporate Governance: An International Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12349

Cantero-Saiz, M., Sanfilippo-Azofra, S., Torre-Olmo, B., & Bringas-Fernández, V. (2025). ESG and bank profitability: the moderating role of country sustainability in developing and developed economies. Green Finance, 7(2), 288–331. https://doi.org/10.3934/GF.2025011

Deegan, C. (2002). Introduction: The legitimising effect of social and environmental disclosures – a theoretical foundation. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 15(3), 282–311. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513570210435852

Fathihani, Santoso, N., Sulistiyowati, R., & Veronica, M. (2025). ESG Disclosure and Financial Performance: The Moderating Role of Firm Size in Indonesian Banking Sector. Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business, 10(3), 331–348. https://doi.org/10.22515/shirkah.v10i3.960

Firmansyah, A., & Kartiko, N. D. (2024). Exploring the association of green banking disclosure and corporate sustainable growth: the moderating role of firm size and firm age. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2312967

Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Pitman.

Gulzar, R., Bhat, A. A., Mir, A. A., Athari, S. A., & Al-Adwan, A. S. (2024). Green banking practices and environmental performance: navigating sustainability in banks. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(15), 23211–23226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32418-7

Gunawan, J., Permatasari, P., & Sharma, U. (2022). Exploring sustainability and green banking disclosures: a study of banking sector. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 24(9), 11153–11194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01901-3

Ika, S. R., Sutopo, B., & Widagdo, A. K. (2025). Green Banking Disclosures and Financial Performance of Indonesian Listed Banks: A Comparative Study Across Bank Size Categories. Economics and Business Quarterly Reviews, 8(4), 119–134. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.08.04.696

Kayana, N. Z., Inayati, N. I., Wibowo, H., & Dirgantari, N. (2025). Green Banking, Good Corporate Governance Dan Firm Size?: Dampaknya Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan (2019-2023). Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 9(3), 342–364. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v9i3.6245

Khomsatun, S., Aryani, H. F., & Pramesti, A. I. (2025). Pengungkapan Perbankan Hijau dan Kinerja Bank Syariah di Indonesia: Eksplorasi Hubungan dan Peran Moderasi Regulasi. Owner, 9(1), 117–129. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v9i1.2578

Kuncoro, D. A., & Haryati, T. (2025). Impact of Green Banking, Sustainability Report, and Enterprise Risk Management on Financial Performance. Journal Bima (Business, Management and Accounting), 6(2), 1189–1198. https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.2.1189-1198

Lalon, R. M. (2015). Green Banking: Going Green. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 3(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20150301.15

Lalon, R. M., Faruk, M. O., & Amir, K. Bin. (2025). Investigating the impact of green banking initiatives on bank performance: empirical evidence from emerging economy. Discover Sustainability, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01279-6

Muchiri, M. K., Fekete-farkas, M., & Erdei-Gally, S. K. (2025). How Do Green Banking Practices Impact Banks ’ Profitability?? A Meta-Analysis. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18060320

OJK. (2017). Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 51/POJK.03/2017 tentang penerapan keuangan berkelanjutan bagi lembaga jasa keuangan, emiten, dan perusahaan publik. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan.

OJK. (2022). Taksonomi Hijau Indonesia - Indonesia Green Taxonomy Edisi 1.0. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan.

OJK. (2024). Statistik Perbankan Indonesia - Desember 2024. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan.

Panjaitan, R., Siahaan, J., & Julyanthry, J. (2025). The Influence of Green Banking and ESG Practices on Financial Performance. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan, 13(3), 545–554. https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v13i3.3300

Pratiwi, A., Basyith, A., & Safitri, E. (2023). Disclosure of Green Banking, Profitability and Company Size on Company Value in Banking in Indonesia. International Journal of Finance Research, 4(2), 115–127. https://doi.org/10.47747/ijfr.v4i2.1211

Putra, I. K. A., Bambang, & Mariadi, Y. (2024). Pengaruh Green Banking Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank BUMN di Indonesia Periode 2019–2023. Jurnal Ganec Swara, 18(4), 1961–1969. https://doi.org/10.35327/gara.v18i4.1075

Putri, M. A., & Pramesti, W. (2025). The Impact of Green Banking Disclosure and Financial Performance on the Profitability of Banks in Indonesia. Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah, 7(4), 2095–2108. https://doi.org/10.47467/alkharaj.v7i4.7511

Ramdani, R., Mawardi, I., & Sulaeman, S. (2023). Impact of Green Banking Implementation, Financial Performance, and COVID-19 Crisis on Islamic Bank Profitability in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF), 6(2), 225–246. https://doi.org/10.18196/ijief.v6i2.16802

Sarker, S. K., Kabir, M. A., Halim, M. A., & Ali, M. R. (2025). The Major Impact of Green Banking Practice on Profitability of Banking Sector. International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486), 14(1), 01–10. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v14i1.3223

Shaumya, K., & Arulrajah, A. A. (2016). Measuring Green Banking Practices: Evidence from Sri Lanka. 13th International Conference on Business Management, 999–1023. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2909735

Siahaan, N. R., Hutabarat, F., & Siregar, L. S. (2025). Pengaruh Green Banking dan Biaya Operasional Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Bank di BEI Tahun 2019-2023. JEMSI (Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Dan Akuntansi), 11(6), 5187–5197. https://doi.org/10.35870/jemsi.v11i6.5854

Suhardjo, I. (2024). Employee Engagement and Green Finance?: An Analysis of Indonesian Banking Sustainability Reports. 1–16.

Sule, A. K., Louis Eyo-Udo, N., Onukwulu, E. C., Agho, M. O., & Azubuike, C. (2024). Green finance solutions for banking to combat climate change and promote sustainability. Gulf Journal of Advance Business Research, 2(6), 376–410.

Tejasmayee, P., Agarwal, B., Kanoujiya, J., & Rastogi, S. (2025). The ESG advantage?: how green practices boost employee efficiency?? 21(9), 1976–1991. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-04-2025-0299

Tia, C., Hasnawati, S., & Faisol, A. (2023). The Impact of Green Banking on Profitability (Study on Banking Sector Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) Period 2016-2022). International Journal of Asian Business and Management, 2(6), 887–900. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijabm.v2i6.7075

Upadhyay, R., & Kurmi, M. K. (2025). Green Banking in India: a Step Towards Sustainable Development. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology, 3(8), 201–213. https://doi.org/10.61778/ijmrast.v3i8.166

Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A Resource-Based View of the Firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050207

Zahra, E. N. A., Rusliyawati, & Desyana, G. (2024). Green Accounting, Kinerja Lingkungan, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Perputaran Total Aset sebagai Determinan Profitabilitas. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 13(2), 104–122. https://doi.org/10.36080/jak.v13i2.2921